B-mode Speckle Tracking Echocardiography (STE) estimates the change in myocardial tissue length during a heartbeat. Commercial STE software use block-matching to track local speckle patterns and advect hand-drawn boundaries through these tracks to estimate length change. Strain is gaining adoption as a clinical metric for...
Echocardiogram Particle Image Velocimetry (echoPIV) is an emerging method for cardiac flow visualization. EchoPIV tracks acoustic-opaque bubbles introduced into the blood stream using block-matching methods. Despite increased interest, echoPIV is not routinely performed, as contrast enhancement is not clinically indicated unless initial image quality is...
Visualization and quantitation of multi-directional cardiovascular flow without the need for sedation or contrast is desirable across all practices of cardiology. Intraventricular flow mapping (iVFM) is one such method for multi-direction visualization. iVFM estimates the transverse flow from color Doppler ultrasound using the continuity equation....
Pressure measured from the cardiovascular system is widely used to diagnose disease. Pressure reconstruction methods are increasingly of interest with the development of 4D flow magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) which noninvasively measures time-resolved velocity fields in-vivo. However, several error sources and limitations inherent to in...
For cancer to metastasize, tumor cells must invade the local tissue and grow and proliferate once they arrive. Tumor cell heterogeneity, the presence of multiple types of cancer cells within a tumor, can increase cell proliferation and invasion through interactions, increasing the potential for metastasis....
Micro-organisms encounter solid and fluid boundaries that trigger important microbial processes in both environmental and industrial settings, such as biofilm formation. For the first time, this study presents insights on equilibrium bacteria distribution near various complex interfaces, which can impact a wide range of applications...
Despite its clinical importance, accurately assessing the progression and risk of rupture of cerebral aneurysms is challenging. Hemodynamic factors play an important role in aneurysm progression, but previous studies have reported contradictory findings, preventing specific mechanisms from being defined. To date, the vast majority of studies...