We present a ray tracing image generation methodology for rendering realistic images of particle image velocimetry (PIV) and background oriented schlieren (BOS) experiments in the presence of density/refractive index gradients. This methodology enables the simulation of experiments for experimental design, error, and uncertainty analysis. Images...
Background-Oriented Schlieren (BOS) is used to measure fluid density from the apparent distortion of a target dot pattern. Here, we propose a new displacement estimation methodology based on tracking individual dots on the pattern as opposed to conventional cross-correlation algorithms. As dot patterns used in...
Cavitation is ubiquitous in nature and engineering systems and governs processes from corrosion in propeller blades to drugs getting through the endothelial cells. Since the collapse of the cavitation bubble is so violent that it generates an intense shock wave and induces high shear stress...
Background-Oriented Schlieren (BOS) is a technique used to measure fluid density from the apparent distortion of a target dot pattern. Here, we model how non-linearities in the density gradient fields can blur the dot pattern image and increase the position uncertainty. To develop this model,...
Measurement of pressure in a fluid flow is essential in engineering applications as well as in investigations of flow physics. Pressure measurement devices such as wall pressure ports, static tubes, pressure-sensitive paint, etc., can be invasive, and provide only point measurements or a surface distribution....
This article presents a method for three-dimensional confocal microscopy to study the kinematics of nanometer-sized molecules and particles that are of great interest to a wide range of biological systems and cellular mechanics but have heretofore been obscured by limitations in measurement technology. Figure 1: (a)...
Micro-organisms encounter solid and fluid boundaries that trigger important microbial processes in both environmental and industrial settings, such as biofilm formation. For the first time, this study presents insights on equilibrium bacteria distribution near various complex interfaces, which can impact a wide range of applications...
Most physical flows are complex and three-dimensional (3D) and all three velocity components (3C) are required to fully characterize the fluid motion. Stereo Particle Image Velocimetry (SPIV) is a non-invasive, 2D3C velocimetry measurement which offers a balance between accuracy -- 2D PIV fails to resolve...
Despite its clinical importance, accurately assessing the progression and risk of rupture of cerebral aneurysms is challenging. Hemodynamic factors play an important role in aneurysm progression, but previous studies have reported contradictory findings, preventing specific mechanisms from being defined. To date, the vast majority of studies...
Splashes are ubiquitous in nature and engineering and govern processes from diving, to ocean oxygenation. Yet to date, we do not understand when or why sometimes the splash seals, and other times does not. This work presents the first detailed analysis and physical understanding of...